@article{ref1,
title="Psychometric properties of the Gotland Scale for Depression in Italian psychiatric inpatients and its utility in the prediction of suicide risk",
journal="Journal of affective disorders",
year="2011",
author="Innamorati, Marco and Pompili, Maurizio and Gonda, Xenia and Amore, Mario and Serafini, Gianluca and Niolu, Cinzia and Lester, David and Rutz, Wolfgang and Rihmer, Zoltan and Girardi, Paolo",
volume="132",
number="1-2",
pages="99-103",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Rutz has postulated a &quot;male depressive syndrome&quot; measured by the Gotland Scale of Male Depression (GSMD). The aim of the study was to assess the psychometric properties of the GSMD in a sample of male and female psychiatric inpatients. METHODS: The sample was composed of 326 Italian inpatients who completed the GSMD and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). RESULTS: Our results indicated that all the items of the GSMD, except item #13, were highly interrelated, and that the first 12 items of the GSMD may be considered a homogeneous measure of depression. Furthermore, GSMD scores did not differ by sex. The GSMD had good convergent validity with the BHS and was useful in categorizing individuals admitted for a suicide attempt committed in the last 48h vs. those who had not. LIMITATIONS: The study was retrospective in nature and did not assess the ability of the GSMD for predicting future suicidal behavior. CONCLUSIONS: The GSMD may be considered to be a valid instrument for measuring non-typical (&quot;suicidality-related&quot;) symptoms of depression in both male and female patients.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0165-0327",
doi="10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.003",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.003"
}