@article{ref1,
title="Salivary testosterone and cortisol in disruptive children: relationship to aggressive, hyperactive, and internalizing behaviors",
journal="Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry",
year="1994",
author="Scerbo, A. S. and Kolko, David J.",
volume="33",
number="8",
pages="1174-1184",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To test predictions that basal salivary testosterone and cortisol are related to antisocial and internalizing behaviors, respectively, and that cortisol moderates the testosterone-aggression relationship. METHOD: Saliva samples were assayed to determine testosterone and cortisol levels in 40 clinic-referred disruptive children (aged 7 through 14 years) who were rated on aggression, inattention/overactivity, and internalizing behavior by parents, teachers, and clinic staff members. RESULTS: Results indicated significant positive relationships between testosterone and staff-rated aggression and between cortisol and parent-rated internalizing behavior. A significant negative relationship was found between cortisol and staff-rated inattention/overactivity. No interactions between testosterone and cortisol were found. These results were maintained regardless of age, racial background, height, weight, diagnosis, or medication status. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest moderate relationships between testosterone and observed aggression, and between cortisol and emotional behaviors, in a group of disruptive children. Cortisol did not moderate the testosterone-aggression relationship in this population.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0890-8567",
doi="10.1097/00004583-199410000-00013",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199410000-00013"
}