@article{ref1,
title="The protective effect of airbags and padding in side impacts - evaluation by a new subsystem test method",
journal="Proceedings: International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles",
year="1993",
author="Håland, Yngve and Pipkorn, B.",
volume="1993",
number="",
pages="523-533",
abstract="This study presents a new test method, where a car door mounted on a sled impacts a test dummy. The method takes into account the two main injury causing factors in side impacts. These factors are: (1) the door to dummy impact speed; and (2) the velocity history of the door inner wall. This velocity history determines the door to dummy displacement/overlap. The new test method is used to evaluate the effect of the padding/airbag in the chest area and of the padding in the pelvis area. The chest airbag results in: (i) generally lower loadings to the head, neck and chest than chest padding (50 mm); and (ii) significantly lower loading than a stiff reference door. Soft pelvis padding (75 mm thick) effectively reduces the pelvic loads. The best configuration, chest airbag and pelvis padding, gave a considerable improvement in 48 km/h (30 mph) and 32 km/h (20 mph) side impact tests.<p />",
language="",
issn="",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}