@article{ref1,
title="An investigation of seat design parameters influencing neck loads in low speed vehicle rear-impacts",
journal="Proceedings: International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles",
year="1996",
author="Chhor, A. and Svensson, N. L. and Griffiths, M. and Kjellberg, S.",
volume="1996",
number="",
pages="1717-1727",
abstract="The application of finite element methods to the analysis of occupant neck responses in rear-end vehicle crashes is presented. A finite element (FE) model of a 50th percentile Hybrid III dummy, which had been previously used for simulating frontal impact, was appropriately modified to handle rear-impact cases. The crux of these modifications was the development of a deformable FE model of the Hybrid III neck. This new neck model was correlated using data from the Amended Part 572 Head-Neck Pendulum compliance test, and finally incorporated into the Hybrid III dummy model to permit better analysis of the head-neck region. Responses of the so modified full dummy model were correlated with experimental sled test data. The FE Hybrid III rear-impact model was used within the PAM_CRASH explicit dynamic finite element code to conduct a parametric study of seat properties on the head-neck responses. Recommendations are presented for mechanical and geometrical seat properties to reduce head and neck loads in rear-impact.<p />",
language="",
issn="",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}