@article{ref1,
title="Level of Service for Oversaturated Conditions: A Proposed Solution for Signalized Intersections",
journal="ITE journal",
year="2009",
author="Buckholz, Jeffrey",
volume="79",
number="1",
pages="48-53",
abstract="Current Highway Capacity Manual procedures report all delay levels past 80 seconds per vehicle as level of service (LOS) F, regardless of the extent that capacity is exceeded. This paper describes a technique for classifying signalized operation beyond LOS F that accounts for the negative effect of phase failures and recurring queues as well as control delay. The new approach takes into account that two different cycle lengths may produce vastly different levels of vehicle re-queuing even though they experience the same control delay. This two-dimensional LOS categorization process encourages the selection of a cycle length that minimizes the motorist frustration associated with re-queuing.<p />",
language="",
issn="0162-8178",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}