@article{ref1,
title="The Genetics of Altitude Tolerance: The Evidence for Inherited Susceptibility to Acute Mountain Sickness",
journal="Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine",
year="2011",
author="Macinnis, Martin J. and Wang, Pei and Koehle, Michael S. and Rupert, Jim L.",
volume="53",
number="2",
pages="159-168",
abstract="OBJECTIVE:: Acute mountain sickness (AMS) has become a significant environmental health issue as improvements in transportation, &quot;environmental tourism,&quot; and resource development lure more people to the highlands. Whether there is a genetic contribution to AMS susceptibility is a central question in high-altitude medicine. This article provides a systematic review of the evidence supporting such an innate predisposition. METHODS:: Scientific literature databases were screened using the terms &quot;acute mountain sickness/AMS&quot; and &quot;altitude illness&quot; combined with the terms &quot;DNA,&quot; &quot;gene,&quot; &quot;genetic,&quot; or &quot;polymorphism.&quot; RESULTS:: Sixteen genes from a variety of pathways have been tested for association with AMS and variants in eight showed positive associations suggesting that AMS is an environmentally mediated polygenic disorder. CONCLUSIONS:: The data suggest that genotype contributes to capacity to rapidly and efficiently acclimatize to altitude; nevertheless, the mechanisms by which this occurs have yet to be elucidated.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1076-2752",
doi="10.1097/JOM.0b013e318206b112",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e318206b112"
}