@article{ref1,
title="Compatibility of led traffic signals with existing traffic signal field equipment",
journal="IMSA journal",
year="1998",
author="Behura, N. and Evans, S.",
volume="36",
number="2",
pages="34-39",
abstract="Light Emitting Diode or LED vehicle traffic signal heads have become popular in the last four years in the U.S. mainly for their ability to save energy. Currently, their use is more restricted to the red traffic lamp, because the green and yellow are not yet financially feasible. Two important problems that have been encountered are incompatibility of the LED modules with existing load switches and signal (conflict) monitors. Many of these devices are seven to ten years old, and are not usually replaced unless there are problems encountered in the field. This article examines LED traffic signals, analyzes the problems, and recommends some solutions. It also aims to raise the awareness of this issue among transportation engineers considering LED traffic signals, or those who have already installed them.<p />",
language="",
issn="1064-2560",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}