@article{ref1,
title="Characterization of Expert Drivers' Last-Second Braking and Its Application to a Collision Avoidance System",
journal="IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems",
year="2010",
author="Wada, T. and Doi, S. and Tsuru, N. and Isaji, K. and Kaneko, H.",
volume="11",
number="2",
pages="413-422",
abstract="Expert drivers' deceleration patterns in last-second braking will be formulated using a perceptual risk index for the approach and the proximity of a preceding vehicle as examples of comfortable braking patterns. It will be shown that the formulated braking pattern can uniformly generate a smooth deceleration profile for many approach conditions. In addition, the brake initiation timing of expert drivers will be successfully formulated using a modified index. Finally, an automatic braking system for collision avoidance will be proposed based on a formulated brake-initiation model and a deceleration pattern. Twenty five expert drivers will experience the automatic braking that is installed in an experimental car. It will be shown that the proposed system can generate a smooth profile and realize secure brake patterns based on the drivers' subjective evaluation.<p />",
language="",
issn="1524-9050",
doi="10.1109/TITS.2010.2043672",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2010.2043672"
}