@article{ref1,
title="Computer‐delivered interventions for alcohol and tobacco use: a meta‐analysis",
journal="Addiction",
year="2010",
author="Rooke, Sally and Thorsteinsson, Einar and Karpin, Anne and Copeland, Jan and Allsop, David",
volume="105",
number="8",
pages="1381-1390",
abstract="<p><b>Aims</b> To quantify the overall effectiveness of computer‐delivered interventions for alcohol and tobacco use.</p> <p><b>Methods</b> Meta‐analysis of 42 effect sizes from randomized controlled trials, based on the responses of 10 632 individuals.</p> <p><b>Results</b> The weighted average effect size (<i>d</i>) was 0.20, <i>P</i> < 0.001. While lower effect sizes were associated with studies addressing tobacco use (<i>d</i> = 0.14) this may well reflect differences in the types of outcome measure used. Effect sizes did not vary significantly as a function of treatment location, inclusion of entertaining elements, provision of normative feedback, availability of a discussion feature, number of treatment sessions, emphasis on relapse prevention, level of therapist involvement or follow‐up period.</p> <p><b>Conclusion</b> Findings of the meta‐analysis suggest that minimal contact computer‐delivered treatments that can be accessed via the internet may represent a cost‐effective means of treating uncomplicated substance use and related problems.</p><p />",
language="",
issn="0965-2140",
doi="10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.02975.x",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.02975.x"
}