@article{ref1,
title="The contextual effect of school satisfaction on health-risk behaviors in Japanese high school students",
journal="Journal of school health",
year="2010",
author="Takakura, Minoru and Wake, Norie and Kobayashi, Minoru",
volume="80",
number="11",
pages="544-551",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The importance of school contextual effects on health and well-being among young people is currently recognized. This study examines the contextual effects of school satisfaction as well as the effects of individual-level school satisfaction on health-risk behaviors in Japanese high school students. METHODS: Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 3248 students in grades 10 through 12 at 29 public high schools throughout Okinawa, Japan. Using multilevel logistic regression models, the effects of individual- and contextual-level school satisfactions on health-risk behaviors were analyzed. The contextual-level school satisfaction was defined as satisfaction at the school level and was measured using aggregated individual scores. Behaviors studied included current smoking, current drinking, and sexual activity. RESULTS: Approximately 15%, 6%, and 5% of the total individual differences in smoking, drinking, and sexual behaviors, respectively, occurred at the school level. Students with lower school satisfaction were more likely to engage in health-risk behaviors compared with those with higher school satisfaction. After adjustment for individual-level school satisfaction and other covariates, the odds of smoking and drinking increased with decreasing contextual-level school satisfaction. However, the association of contextual school satisfaction with sexual activity did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that individual- and contextual-level school satisfactions affected smoking and drinking behaviors in Japanese high school students. However, no significant association between contextual-level school satisfaction and sexual activity was observed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-4391",
doi="10.1111/j.1746-1561.2010.00540.x",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2010.00540.x"
}