@article{ref1,
title="Social and psychological factors influenced the course of arm, neck and shoulder complaints",
journal="Journal of clinical epidemiology",
year="2007",
author="Karels, C. H. and Bierma-Zeinstra, Sita M. A. and Burdorf, A. and Verhagen, Arianne P. and Nauta, A. P. and Koes, Bart W.",
volume="60",
number="8",
pages="839-848",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical course and prognostic factors of complaints of arm, neck, and shoulder. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A prospective cohort study in physical therapy practice. Participating physiotherapists recruited new consulters with musculoskeletal complaints of the neck and/or upper extremities. Participants filled in questionnaires at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. The main outcome measure was the persistence of complaints over 6-month follow-up. Possible predictors like social and psychological factors, physical factors, and complaint specific factors were tested in univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses for repeated measurements. RESULTS: Of the 624 participants at baseline 543 (87%) returned at least one follow-up questionnaire. At 6-month follow-up, 40% had persisting pain and discomfort. Somatization, kinesiophobia, catastrophizing, and a long duration of complaints at baseline were significantly related to the persistence of complaints over 6 months in the total population. In those with paid work (77%), catastrophizing, low decision authority at work, and a long duration of complaints at baseline were significantly related to the persistence of complaints over 6 months. CONCLUSION: 40% of the participants had persisting pain and discomfort after 6 months and mainly social and psychological factors played a role in this course.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0895-4356",
doi="10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.11.012",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.11.012"
}