@article{ref1,
title="Masochism revisited: reflections on masochism and its childhood antecedents",
journal="American journal of psychotherapy",
year="1997",
author="Shainess, N.",
volume="51",
number="4",
pages="552-568",
abstract="Masochism, originally described as sexual perversion by Sacher von Masoch, was elaborated by Freud to include personality pathology, and further developed by Bieber and others. The DSM-III included sexual perversion and personality pathology as separate diagnoses, but were totally eliminated from the DSM-IV. It is the author's thesis that the masochist's self-abnegating language is diagnostic--a disguised attack expressing fear, hate, and contempt of others.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0002-9564",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}