@article{ref1,
title="Parental R-rated movie restriction and early-onset alcohol use",
journal="Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs",
year="2010",
author="Tanski, Susanne E. and Cin, Sonya Dal and Stoolmiller, Mike and Sargent, James D.",
volume="71",
number="3",
pages="452-459",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine if parental restriction regarding Restricted-rated movies (R movies) predicts lower rates of early-onset alcohol use. METHOD: Students from 15 northern New England middle schools were surveyed in 1999, and never-drinkers were resurveyed 13-26 months later to determine alcohol use. Drinking was determined by the question, &quot;Have you ever had beer, wine, or other drink with alcohol that your parents didn't know about?&quot; R-movie restriction was assessed by the question, &quot;How often do your parents allow you to watch movies that are rated R?&quot; RESULTS: The sample included 2,406 baseline never-drinkers who were surveyed at follow-up, of whom 14.8% had initiated alcohol use. At baseline, 20% reported never being allowed to watch R movies, and 21% reported being allowed all the time. Adolescents allowed to watch R-rated movies had higher rates of alcohol initiation (2.9% initiation among never allowed, 12.5% once in a while, 18.8% sometimes, and 24.4% all the time). Controlling for sociodemographics, personality characteristics, and authoritative parenting style, the adjusted odds ratios for initiating alcohol use were 3.0 (95% CI 1.7, 5.1.) for those once in a while allowed, 3.3 1.9, 5.6. for those sometimes allowed, and 3.5 2.0, 6.0. for those always allowed to watch R-rated movies. Alcohol initiation was more likely if R-rated movie restriction relaxed over time; tightening of restriction had a protective effect (p < .001). A structural model was developed that modeled two latent parenting constructs: (a) authoritative parenting and (b) media parenting. Both constructs had direct inverse paths to trying alcohol and indirect paths through lower exposure to R-rated movies. CONCLUSIONS: After accounting for differences in authoritative parenting style, adolescents reporting lesser restrictions for R movies have higher odds of future alcohol use. The structural model suggests that media parenting operates independently from authoritative parenting and should be incorporated explicitly into parenting prevention programs.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1937-1888",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}