@article{ref1,
title="Childhood abuse history, secondary traumatic stress, and child welfare workers",
journal="Child welfare",
year="2003",
author="Nelson-Gardell, Debra and Harris, Deneen",
volume="82",
number="1",
pages="5-26",
abstract="Social workers are exposed to trauma vicariously through the trauma of their clients. This phenomenon, called secondary traumatic stress, vicarious traumatization, or compassion fatigue, presents a risk of negative personal psychological consequences. Based on a sample of 166 child welfare workers and using standardized measures, the study findings document the link between a personal history of primary trauma, childhood abuse or neglect, and the heightened risk for secondary traumatic stress in child welfare workers.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0009-4021",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}