@article{ref1,
title="Delayed Identification of Pediatric Abuse-Related Fractures",
journal="Pediatrics",
year="2010",
author="Ravichandiran, Nisanthini and Schuh, Suzanne and Bejuk, Marta and Al-Harthy, Nesrin and Shouldice, Michelle and Au, Hosanna and Boutis, Kathy",
volume="125",
number="1",
pages="60-66",
abstract="Objectives: Because physicians may have difficulty distinguishing accidental fractures from those that are caused by abuse, abusive fractures may be at risk for delayed recognition; therefore, the primary objective of this study was to determine how frequently abusive fractures were missed by physicians during previous examinations. A secondary objective was to determine clinical predictors that are associated with unrecognized abuse. Methods: Children who were younger than 3 years and presented to a large academic children's hospital from January 1993 to December 2007 and received a diagnosis of abusive fractures by a multidisciplinary child protective team were included in this retrospective review. The main outcome measures included the proportion of children who had abusive fractures and had at least 1 previous physician visit with diagnosis of abuse not identified and predictors that were independently associated with missed abuse. Results: Of 258 patients with abusive fractures, 54 (20.9%) had at least 1 previous physician visit at which abuse was missed. The median time to correct diagnosis from the first visit was 8 days (minimum: 1; maximum: 160). Independent predictors of missed abuse were male gender, extremity versus axially located fracture, and presentation to a primary care setting versus pediatric emergency department or to a general versus pediatric emergency department. Conclusions: One fifth of children with abuse-related fractures are missed during the initial medical visit. In particular, boys who present to a primary care or a general emergency department setting with an extremity fracture are at a particularly high risk for delayed diagnosis.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0031-4005",
doi="10.1542/peds.2008-3794",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2008-3794"
}