@article{ref1,
title="Driving with Hemianopia: 1. Detection Performance in a Driving Simulator",
journal="Investigative ophthalmology and visual science",
year="2009",
author="Bowers, Alex R. and Mandel, Aaron J. and Goldstein, Rise B. and Peli, Eli",
volume="50",
number="11",
pages="5137-5147",
abstract="Purpose: This study was designed to examine the effect of homonymous hemianopia (HH) on detection of pedestrian figures in multiple, realistic and hazardous situations within the controlled environment of a driving simulator. Methods: Twelve people with complete HH, and without visual neglect or cognitive decline, and twelve matched normally-sighted (NV) drivers participated. They drove predetermined city and rural highway routes (total 120 minutes) during which pedestrian figures appeared at random intervals along the roadway (R-Peds; n = 144) and at intersections (I-Peds; n = 10). Detection rates and response times were derived from participant horn-presses. Results HH drivers exhibited significantly (p < 0.001) lower R-Ped detection rates on their blind side than NV drivers (range 6% to 100%). Detection of I-Peds on the blind side was also poor (8% to 55%). Age and blind-side detection rates were negatively correlated (Spearman r = 0.71, p = 0.009). Although blind-side response times of HH drivers were significantly (p < 0.001) longer than NV drivers, most were within a commonly-used 2.5s guideline. Conclusions: Most HH participants had blind-side detection rates that seem incompatible with safe driving; however, the relationship of our simulator detection performance measures to on-road performance has yet to be established. In determining fitness to drive for people with HH, our results underscore the importance of individualized assessments including evaluations of blind-side hazard detection.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0146-0404",
doi="10.1167/iovs.09-3799",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.09-3799"
}