@article{ref1,
title="A report of 18 blackthorn injuries of the upper limb",
journal="Injury",
year="2004",
author="Sharma, Himanshu and Meredith, A. D.",
volume="35",
number="9",
pages="930-935",
abstract="This study aims to analyse various manifestations and to evaluate the clinical outcome in the patients who had exploratory procedures following blackthorn (Prunus spinosus) injury. We performed a retrospective review of a consecutive series of 18 patients admitted between April 1997 and March 2001 to a District General Hospital of the UK. In all the cases, the site of injury was the upper limb. The mean age at presentation was 39.1 years. There was a male predominance (83.33%) and a marginal right side preponderance. The majority of the patients (83.33%) presented between March and August, which correlates with hedge-cutting time. The mean delay in presentation was 3 days (range: 1-14 days). The final postoperative outcome was satisfactory in all cases. We conclude that conservative treatment alone failed to resolve the symptoms. We recommend that all patients presenting with a history of blackthorn injury should undergo an immediate and thorough exploration to avoid undue complications.",
language="",
issn="0020-1383",
doi="10.1016/j.injury.2003.09.041",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2003.09.041"
}