@article{ref1,
title="Distribution of verbal and physical violence for same and opposite genders among adolescents",
journal="American journal of men's health",
year="2008",
author="Winstok, Zeev and Enosh, G.",
volume="2",
number="3",
pages="272-280",
abstract="The present study was set up to test the perceived distribution of verbal and physical violent behaviors among same- and opposite-genders. More specifically, those perceived violent behaviors are examined as the outcome of adolescents' cost-risk goals. The study assumes two conflicting social goals: Whereas the goal of risk reduction may motivate withdrawal from conflict, and decrease the prevalence of violent events, the goal of pursuing social status may motivate initiation and/or retaliation, thus increasing the prevalence of violence. The study is based on a sample of 155 high-school students that recorded the frequency of observing violent events in their peer group over a one-week period. Findings demonstrate that for males, opponent gender had a primary effect on violence distribution. Males exhibited violence against males more frequently than against females. This result is consistent with the assumption that males set a higher priority to pursuing social status. For females, verbal violence was more frequent than physical forms of aggression. This is consistent with the assumption that females set a higher priority on avoiding risk. These results are discussed from an evolutionary cost-risk perspective.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1557-9883",
doi="10.1177/1557988308319035",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988308319035"
}