Citation

Yoo SL, Jeong JC. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20(5): e1246.

Affiliation

Department of GIS Engineering, Namseoul University, Cheonan 31020, Korea.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2020, MDPI: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)

DOI

10.3390/s20051246

PMID

32106455

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the minimum separation distance between aquaculture farms and ship traffic to prevent damage to either the farms or the vessels. A high-risk area in South Korea was selected for the study by overlapping shipping routes with fisheries using satellite and aerial photographs. The annual frequency of damage was calculated based on a probability distribution applied to the sea area, and a safe distance between the aquaculture farms and the traffic was derived. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test was conducted to determine whether the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) follows the data of this study. It was found that a safe distance of at least 1000 m is needed to avoid farm or vessel damage. Then, it is possible to prevent damage to vessel propellers and fisheries locating aquaculture farms at the minimum safe distance from the traffic routes. For protection and security of these structures, the installation of a set of wirelessly Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) sensors that can transmit the farm location to the ship's navigator were suggested.

Language: en

Keywords

Gaussian mixture model; IoUT (Internet of Underwater Things); aquaculture farms; satellite and aerial photographs; sensor; separation distance; traffic route