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Journal Article

Citation

González-Losada J, Castro-García Y, Tosco-García C, Rufino-Delgado MT, Mirpuri-Mirpuri PG, García-Álvarez CD. Semergen 2012; 38(2): 87-94.

Vernacular Title

Prevalencia de violencia de género en atención primaria de Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Copyright

(Copyright © 2012, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.semerg.2011.07.002

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Objectives

To estimate the prevalence of domestic violence (DV) in adult women attending Primary Care medical consultations, to determine the associated factors, and family physician involvement in its detection.

Material and methods

We performed a cross-sectional analytical study in two urban health districts of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands. A consecutive sample of women aged 18 or older, whether or not they had a current partner were selected.. The Bradley questionnaire, which is validated (26 items) and assesses physical, psychological and sexual violence was used anonymously. Demographic characteristics, and those related to the couple, health history, presence of anxiety and depression (Goldberg scale) were recorded.

Results

A total of 299 women were interviewed, and 154 women recognised some kind of abuse at least once in their life (51.5%, 95% CI: 40%-62%). Psychological violence was the most mentioned (n = 153; 99.35%), followed by physical (n = 39; 25.32%) and sexual violence was stated by 12 women (7.79%). Domestic violence was associated with: younger age, less time in a previous relationship, lack of social support (OR = 2.18, P = .019), presence of probable anxiety (OR = 1.77, P = .015) and probable depression (OR = 1.58, P = .049). After multivariate analysis the association persisted with the length of time of the relationship with previous partner (OR = 0.998; P < .0001) and the presence of probable anxiety (OR = 1.79; P = .024). Early detection of domestic violence was recorded in the medical records of 111 women (37.1%; 95% CI: 36.90-37.23).

Conclusions

As in other studies, DV is associated with mental disorders, and there is a need for greater involvement by family physicians to detect this prevalent problem in our clinics.
Palabras clave

Violencia doméstica;
Atención primaria;
Salud mental

Keywords

Domestic violence;
Primary Health Care;
Mental health

Vernacular Abstract

Objetivos

Estimar la prevalencia de violencia de género (VG) en mujeres adultas que acuden a consulta de medicina de familia, conocer los factores asociados y la implicación del médico en su detección.

Material y métodos

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal de corte analítico, en 2 zonas básicas de salud de ámbito urbano de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias. Por muestreo consecutivo se seleccionaron mujeres de 18 o más años de edad con pareja, actual o no. Se utilizó de manera anónima el cuestionario de Bradley, validado (26 ítems), que valora violencia física, psicológica y sexual. También se midieron características sociodemográficas, referentes a la pareja, historia de salud, presencia de ansiedad y depresión (escala de Goldberg).

Resultados

Se entrevistaron 299 mujeres. Reconocieron algún tipo de maltrato, al menos una vez en su vida, 154 mujeres (51,5%; IC 95%: 40-62%). La violencia psíquica fue la más admitida (n = 153; 99,35%), le sigue la física(n = 39; 25,32%) y la violencia sexual fue declarada por 12 mujeres (7,79%). La VG se asoció con: menor edad, menor tiempo de relación con la última pareja, carencia de apoyo social (OR = 2,18; p = 0,019), probable ansiedad (OR = 1,77; p = 0,015) y probable depresión (OR = 1,58; p = 0,049). Tras análisis multivariado persiste la asociación con los años de convivencia con la última pareja (OR = 0,998; p < 0,0001) y la probable ansiedad (OR = 1,79; p = 0,024).

Constaba cribado de VG en la historia clínica en 111 mujeres (37,1%; IC 95%: 36,90-37,23)

Conclusiones

Al igual que en otros estudios la VG se asocia a trastornos de salud mental siendo necesaria una mayor implicación del médico de familia en su detección dada su prevalencia en nuestras consultas.

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