Citation

Imberti JF, Vitolo M, Proietti M, Diemberger I, Ziacchi M, Biffi M, Boriani G. Expert Rev. Med. Devices 2020; ePub(ePub): ePub.

Affiliation

Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Natural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2020, Informa Healthcare)

DOI

10.1080/17434440.2020.1742108

PMID

32160800

Abstract

Introduction: It is common belief that driving with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)/pacemaker (PM) might be associated with sudden cardiac incapacitation, road traffic accidents and chance to harm to self and others. On the other hand, the ability to drive is highly valuable in the modern era, representing a cornerstone of daily living and employment. National regulations try to balance the right to drive of ICD/PM patients and the risk they pose to public safety, but rules for granting them a driving licence are considerably different worldwide. For the same subset of patients driving restrictions may vary between 1 week and 1 year depending on the local law.Areas covered: In this article we systematically review driving restrictions in ICD/PM patients in 16 countries all over the world, highlighting their differences and analyzing data from the literature that underlie their formulation.Expert opinion: Current regulations are mainly based on historical data that do not take into account improvements in ICD/PM technologies and driving environment, which have made driving with an ICD/PM is substantially safe. Newer studies and updated regulatory documents are warranted to set the best driving restrictions and reach homogeneity worldwide.

Language: en

Keywords

CRT; ICD; PM; cardiac implantable electronic device; driving licence; implantable cardioverter defibrillator; pacemaker; sudden cardiac death